Melodeclamation |
mai i te reo Kariki - waiata, waiata me te lat. whakapuakanga – declamation
Ko te whakakotahitanga o te whakahua whakahua o te tuhinga (ch. arr. poetic) me te waiata, me nga mahi e pa ana ki taua huinga. Kua kitea e M. te tono i roto i te antich. whakaari, me te "whakaari kura" o te Middle Ages. Uropi. I te rau tau 18 ka puta nga ahuatanga. proizv., tino i runga i M. ka karanga. melodrama. I nga wa o muri mai, he maha nga wa i whakamahia ai a M. i roto i nga mahi opera (te whakaaturanga i roto i te whare herehere mai i Fidelio, te whakaaturanga i roto i te Wolf Gorge mai i te Free Shooter), me te whakaari hoki. nga whakatangitangi (waiata na L. Beethoven ki a Goethe's Egmont). Mai i te con. 18th century I raro i te mana o te melodrama, i whakawhanakehia te momo tito waiata motuhake o te mahere konohete (i roto i te Tiamana e kiia nei ko Melodram, he rereke ki te tito waiata atamira, ko Melodrama), hei tikanga, i whakawhanakehia mo te panui (whakataki) me te he kaiwhakatangi piana, he iti noa te haere tahi me te kaiwaiata. Mo taua M., i te nuinga o te wa ka tohua nga tuhinga paoro. Ko nga tauira tuatahi o taua M. no IR Zumshteg (“Spring Celebration”, mo te kaipanui whai orc., 1777, “Tamira”, 1788). I muri mai, ka hangaia a M. e F. Schubert ("Farewell to the Earth", 1825), R. Schumann (2 ballads, op. 122, 1852), F. Liszt ("Lenora", 1858, "The Sad Monk" , 1860, “Kaiata matapo”, 1875), R. Strauss (“Enoch Arden”, op. 38, 1897), M. Schillings (“Song of the Witches”, op. 15, 1904) me etahi atu.
I Ruhia, ko te waiata hei konohete me te momo momo kua rongonui mai i nga tau 70. rautau 19; i roto i nga kaituhi o Russian. M. – GA Lishin, EB Vilbushevich. I muri mai, ka tuhia e AS Arensky (he rotarota na IS Turgenev, 1903) me AA Spondiarov (ko te korero kotahi a Sonia mai i te whakaari a AP Chekhov Uncle Vanya, 1910) i tuhi i etahi momo taonga puoro mo te kaipanui me tetahi kaiwaiata. I te wa o te ruru i whakamahia a M. i roto i te roopu oratorio “The Way of October” (1927), i roto i te pakiwaitara mo te kaipanui me te kaiwaiata. te orchestra "Peter and the Wolf" na Prokofiev (1936).
I te rautau 19 ka ara ake he momo taonga puoro motuhake, na te awhina o nga tohu waiata, ka tino tuturu te manawataki o te taki (Weber's Preciosa, 1821; Milhaud's music for Oresteia, 1916). Ko te whanaketanga atu o tenei momo M., i tata ki te recitative, ko te mea e kiia nei. he melodrama e pa ana (German gebundene Melodram), i roto i te mea, me te awhina o nga tohu motuhake (hei utu mo te , hei utu mo, me etahi atu), ehara i te mea ko te riipene anake e mau ana, engari ko te papa o nga oro o te reo ("Tamariki a te Kingi. ” na Humperdinck, 1st edition 1897). Ki a Schoenberg, "melodrama hono" ka mau te ahua o te mea e kiia ana. waiata waha, it. Sprechgesang (“Lunar Pierrot”, 1912). I muri mai, ka puta mai he momo M. takawaenga, e tika ana te tohu o te manawataki, a ko te papa o nga oro e tohu tata ana ("Ode to Napoleon" na Schoenberg, 1942). Rerekē. momo M. i te rautau 20. whakamahia hoki Vl. Vogel, P. Boulez, L. Nono me etahi atu).
Tohutoro: Volkov-Davydov SD, He aratohu poto mo te melodeclamation (te wheako tuatahi), M., 1903; Glumov AN, Mo te waiata o te reo oro, in: Questions of Musicology, vol. 2, M., 1956.
