Ralph Vaughan Williams |

Ralph Vaughan Williams

He kaitito reo Ingarihi, he kaiwhakatangi puoro me te tangata rongonui puoro, kaikohi me te kairangahau o nga korero pakiwaitara reo Ingarihi. I ako ia i te Kareti Trinity, i te Whare Wananga o Cambridge me C. Wood, i te Royal College of Music i Raanana (1892-96) me X. Parry me C. Stanford (titohanga), W. Parrett (organ); i pai ake te titonga me M. Bruch i Berlin, me M. Ravel i Paris. Mai i te tau 1896-99 he kaiorooro ia i te whare karakia o South Lambeth i Ranana. Mai i te tau 1904 kua noho ia hei mema mo te Folk Song Society. Mai i te tau 1919 i whakaako ia i te tito waiata i te Royal College of Music (mai i te tau 1921 te ahorangi). I te tau 1920-28 te upoko o te Bach Choir.

Ko Vaughan Williams tetahi o nga kaihanga o te kura titonga reo Ingarihi hou (“Ingarihi waiata renaissance”), nana i whakapuaki te hiahia ki te hanga waiata ngaio a motu i runga i nga korero pakiwaitara reo Ingarihi me nga tikanga a nga rangatira o te reo Ingarihi o te rautau 16 me te 17; I whakapumau i ana whakaaro me ana mahi, ka whakauru ki roto i nga mahi o nga momo momo: 3 "Norfolk rhapsodies" ("Norfolk rhapsodies", 1904-06) mo te orchestra symphony, nga wawata mo te kaupapa o Tallis mo te orchestra aho rua ("Fantasia on he kaupapa na Tallis”, 1910), te 2nd London Symphony (“London symphony”, 1914, 2nd ed. 1920), te opera “Hugh the Gurtmaker” (op. 1914), etc.

Ko ana tino whakatutukitanga i roto i te wahanga o te symphonic me te waiata waiata. I roto i te maha o nga mahi symphonic a Vaughan Williams, ko nga waahanga o te hitori o te iwi Ingarihi kua hangaia, ko nga pikitia pono o te oranga o Ingarangi hou i hangaia, ko nga taonga puoro i tangohia e ia i te nuinga o nga korero puoro o Ingarangi.

Ko nga mahi symphonic a Vaughan-Williams e tohuhia ana e te ahua whakaari (4th symphony), te marama o te waiata, te mohio ki te arahi i te reo, me te mohio ki te orchestration, e rongohia ai te mana o te Impressionists. Kei roto i nga mahi whakahirahira o te waiata, o te symphonic me te waiata waiata ko nga oratorio me nga waiata waiata mo te mahi karakia. O te mau opera, “Sir John in Love” (“Sir John in Love”, 1929, i niuhia i nia i te “The Windsor Gossips” na W. Shakespeare) e fana‘o i te manuïaraa rahi. Ko Vaughan Williams tetahi o nga kaitito reo Ingarihi tuatahi i kaha ki te mahi i roto i te whare pikitia (ko tana waiata waiata 7 i tuhia i runga i nga waiata mo te kiriata mo te kaihōpara polar RF Scott).

Ko nga mahi a Vaughan-Williams e tohuhia ana e te tauine o nga whakaaro, te taketake o nga tikanga puoro me te whakapuaki, te kaupapa tangata me te patriotic. Ko te mahi a Vaughan-Williams ki te tuhi me te mahi kairīpoata i whai wāhi nui ki te hanganga o te ahurea puoro Ingarihi o te rau tau 20.

MM Yakovlev

Ngā tito:

opera (6) – Hugh the driver (1924, London), The poisoned kiss (The poisoned kiss, 1936, Cambridge), Riders to the sea (1937, London), The pilgrim's progress, no to Benyan, 1951, London) and others ; paoro — Old King Cole (Old King Cole, 1923), te po Kirihimete (I te po Kirihimete, 1926, Chicago), Job (Job, 1931, London); whaikōrero, cantatas; mo te orchestra – 9 hīmene (1909-58), incl. pūmanawa – 1st, Marine (A sea symphony, 1910, for choir, soloists and orchestra to words by W. Whitman), 3rd, Pastoral (Pastoral, 1921), 6th (1947, after “The Tempest” by U. Shakespeare), 7th, Antarctica (Sinfonia antartica, 1952); konohete whakatangitangi, ruma ensembles; tito piana me te okana; choirs, waiata; nga whakaritenga o nga waiata a te iwi pakeha; waiata mo te whare tapere me te kiriata.

Nga mahi tuhituhi: Te hanga waiata. I muri i nga kupu me nga korero na SA Kondratiev, M., 1961.

Tohutoro: Konen W., Ralph Vaughan Williams. Essay on life and creativity, M., 1958.