Ihaka Osipovich Dunaevsky (Ihaka Dunaevsky) |

Ihaka Dunaevsky

… Ua haamo'a vau i ta'u ohipa i te feia apî e a muri noa'tu. Ka taea e au te kii me te kore e whakanuia ana ka tuhia e au he waiata hou me etahi atu waiata, ka korero tonu ahau i te hinengaro ki o tatou taiohi. I. Dunayevsky

Ko te tino pukenga a Dunayevsky i tino kitea i roto i nga momo momo "maama". Ko ia te kaihanga o te waiata papatipu Soviet hou, waiata jazz taketake, pukuhohe waiata, operetta. I whai te kaitito ki te whakaki i enei momo e tata ana ki te hunga rangatahi ki te tino ataahua, ki te ngawari, me te reka o te toi.

He tino rawe te taonga tuku iho a Dunaevsky. E 14 ana opereta, e 3 nga paoro, e 2 nga waiata, e 80 nga kaiwaiata, e 80 nga waiata me nga waiata aroha, nga waiata mo nga whakaaturanga whakaari e 88 me nga kiriata e 42, e 43 nga tito mo nga momo momo me te 12 mo te orchestra jazz, 17 melodeclamations, 52 symphonic me te 47 mahi piana.

I whanau a Dunayevsky i te whanau o tetahi kaimahi. I haere tahi te waiata i a ia mai i te tamarikitanga. I te nuinga o nga wa i whakahaerehia nga ahiahi waiata i roto i te whare o Dunaevsky, i reira, me te manawa o te manawa, i reira ano a Ihaka iti. I nga Ratapu, ka whakarongo ia ki te kaiwaiata i roto i te kari o te taone nui, a, ka hoki mai ki te kainga, ka mau tana taringa ki te piana i nga waiata o te hīkoi me te waltzes e maumahara ana ia. Ko te tino hararei mo te tamaiti ko nga haerenga ki te whare tapere, i reira nga mahi whakaari me nga roopu opera a Iukereiniana me Ruhia i te haerenga.

I te 8 o ona tau, ka timata a Dunaevsky ki te ako ki te takaro i te violin. Ko ana angitu i tino miharo i te tau 1910 ka noho ia hei akonga mo te Kharkov Musical College i roto i te akomanga violin a Ahorangi K. Gorsky, katahi ko I. Ahron, he tohunga whakatangitangi, he kaiako me te kaitito waiata. I ako ano a Dunayevsky me Ahron i te Whare Karakia o Kharkov, i puta i a ia i te tau 1919. I roto i ana tau tiaki, he maha nga tito a Dunayevsky. Ko tana kaiako titonga ko S. Bogatyrev.

Mai i te wa o te tamarikitanga, i te tino aroha ki te whare tapere, a Dunayevsky, kaore i ruarua, ka tae mai ki a ia i muri i tana tohu mai i te whare tapere. "Ko te Sinelnikov Drama Theatre i tika te whakaaro ko te whakapehapeha o Kharkov," a ko tana kaiwhakahaere toi "tetahi o nga tangata tino rongonui i roto i te whare tapere a Ruhia."

I te tuatahi, i mahi a Dunaevsky hei kaiwaiata violinist i roto i te orchestra, i muri mai hei kaikawe, a, i te mutunga, hei upoko mo te wahanga waiata o te whare tapere. I te wa ano, i tuhia e ia nga waiata mo nga mahi hou katoa.

I te tau 1924, ka neke a Dunaevsky ki Moscow, he maha nga tau i mahi ai ia hei kaiwhakahaere puoro o te whare tapere momo Hermitage. I tenei wa, ka tuhia e ia ana operettas tuatahi: "Ki a maatau me o koe", "Nga tane tane", "Naipi", "Te Mahi a te Pirimia". Engari koinei anake nga taahiraa tuatahi. I puta mai nga mahi toi o te kaitito waiata i muri mai.

Ko te tau 1929 he tohu nui mo te oranga o Dunayevsky. He wa hou, he wa pakeke o ana mahi auaha, i rongonui ai ia. I tonohia a Dunayevsky e te kaiwhakahaere waiata ki te Whare Waiata o Leningrad. "Na tona ahuareka, te mohio me te ngawari, me tana tohungatanga teitei, i riro ia ia te aroha pono o te roopu auaha katoa," ka mahara te kaitoi a N. Cherkasov.

I roto i te Whare Waiata o Leningrad, ka mahi tonu a L. Utyosov me tana jazz. No reira he hui o nga kaiwaiata ataahua e rua, i huri hei hoa mo te wa roa. I hiahia tonu a Dunaevsky ki te jazz ka timata ki te tuhi waiata mo te roopu Utyosov. I hanga e ia nga rhapsodies i runga i nga waiata rongonui a nga kaitito Soviet, i runga i nga kaupapa Russian, Iukereiniana, Hurai, te wawata jazz i runga i nga kaupapa o ana ake waiata, etc.

He maha nga wa i mahi tahi a Dunayevsky raua ko Utyosov. "I pai ahau ki enei hui," ta Utyosov i tuhi. - "I tino miharo ahau ki Dunaevsky na te kaha ki te whakapau i a ia ano ki te puoro, kaore i te aro ki nga taiao."

I te timatanga o te 30s. Ka huri a Dunayevsky ki te kiriata waiata. Ko ia te kaihanga o te momo hou - waiata pukuhohe kiriata. He wa hou, kanapa i roto i te whanaketanga o te waiata papatipu Soviet, i uru ki te ora mai i te mata o te kiriata, e hono ana ki tona ingoa.

I te tau 1934, ka puta te kiriata "Merry Fellows" ki nga mata o te whenua me nga waiata a Dunaevsky. I harikoa te kiriata e te tini o te hunga whakarongo. Ko te "Maehe o te Merry Guys" (Art. V. Lebedev-Kumach) i haere mooni puta noa i te motu, i haere huri noa i te ao katoa, ka noho ko tetahi o nga waiata taiohi tuatahi o te ao o to tatou wa. Na ko te "Kakhovka" rongonui mai i te kiriata "Three Comrades" (1935, toi. M. Svetlova)! I waiatatia e te hunga taiohi i nga tau o te hanga marie. He rongonui ano i te Pakanga Patriotic Nui. Ko te Waiata o te Whenua Maori mai i te kiriata Circus (1936, toi na V. Lebedev-Kumach) i toa ano i te rongonui o te ao. I tuhia ano e Dunayevsky te maha o nga waiata whakamiharo mo etahi atu kiriata: "Nga Tamariki a Kapene Grant", "Nga Kaiwhaiwhai o te Happiness", "Goalkeeper", "Rich Bride", "Volga-Volga", "Bright Path", "Kuban Cossacks".

He mea whakamiharo ki te mahi mo te kiriata, te tito waiata rongonui, kaore a Dunaevsky i huri ki te operetta mo etahi tau. I hoki mai ia ki tana momo tino pai i te mutunga o te 30s. kua he rangatira pakeke.

I te wa o te Pakanga Patriotic Nui, ka arahina e Dunayevsky te roopu waiata me te kanikani o te Whare Ahurea o nga Kaimahi Rerewei. I nga waahi katoa i mahi ai tenei kapa - i te rohe o Volga, i Central Asia, i te Rawhiti, i roto i nga Urals me Siberia, i te kaha o nga kaimahi o mua o te kainga, te maia ki te wikitoria o te Ope Taua Soviet ki te hoariri. I te wa ano, ka tuhia e Dunayevsky nga waiata maia, nga waiata kino i rongonuihia i mua.

Ka mutu, ka tangi nga whakaoranga whakamutunga o te pakanga. Kei te whakaora te whenua i ona patunga. A i te Tai Hauauru, ka hoki ano te haunga o te paura.

I roto i enei tau, ko te pakanga mo te rangimarie te kaupapa matua mo nga tangata ngakau pai katoa. Ko Dunayevsky, pera i te maha o nga kaitoi, i whai kaha ki te whawhai mo te rangimarie. I te 29 no Atete 1947, ua faatupuhia ta ’na opereta “Free Wind” ma te manuïa rahi i te Taata Operetta no Moscow. Ko te kaupapa o te pakanga mo te rangimarie kei roto ano i te kiriata pakipūmeka me te waiata a Dunaevsky "We are for peace" (1951). He waiata waiata whakamiharo mai i tenei kiriata, "Rere, kukupa," i rongonui ki te ao katoa. Ka waiho hei tohu mo te VI World Youth Festival i Moscow.

Ko te mahi whakamutunga a Dunaevsky, ko te opereta White Acacia (1955), he tauira pai mo te opereta waiata a Soviet. He aha te ngakau o te kaitito waiata i tuhi i tana "waiata swan", kaore rawa ia i "waiata"! Na te mate i turaki i a ia i waenganui o ana mahi. Ko te kaitito waiata a K. Molchanov i whakaoti te opereta e ai ki nga huahua i waiho e Dunayevsky.

Ko te tuatahi o "White Acacia" i puta i te 15 o Noema, 1955 i Moscow. Na te Odessa Theatre of Musical Comedy i whakaari. "A he pouri ki te whakaaro," ko ta te kaiwhakahaere matua o te whare tapere I. Grinshpun, "kaore a Isaak Osipovich i kite i te White Acacia i runga i te atamira, kaore e taea te whakaatu i te koa i hoatu e ia ki nga kaiwhakaari me te hunga whakarongo. … Engari he tangata toi harikoa ia!

M. Komissarskaya

Ngā tito:

paoro – Rest of a Faun (1924), ballet tamariki Murzilka (1924), City (1924), Ballet Suite (1929); opereta – To matou me o koutou (1924, pou. 1927, Moscow Theatre of Musical Buffoonery), Bridegrooms (1926, post. 1927, Moscow Operetta Theatre), Straw Hat (1927, Musical Theatre i tapaina ki a VI Nemirovich-Danchenko, Moscow; 2nd putanga 1938, Moscow Operetta Theatre), Knives (1928, Moscow Satire Theatre), Premiere Career (1929, Tashkent Operetta Theatre), Polar Growths (1929, Moscow Operetta Theatre), Million Torments (1932, ibid. ), Golden Valley (1938, ibid.; 2nd edition 1955, ibid.), Roads to Happiness (1941, Leningrad Theatre of Musical Comedy), Free Wind (1947, Moscow Operetta Theatre), Son of a Clown (ingoa taketake. – The Flying Clown, 1960, ibid ), White Acacia (instrumentation by G. Cherny, insert ballet number "Palmushka" and Larisa's song in the 3rd act were written by KB Molchanov on the themes of Dunaevsky; 1955, ibid.); cantatas – Ka haere mai matou (1945), Leningrad, kei a koe (1945); waiata mo nga kiriata – Paratunu tuatahi (1933), Rua-whanau (1934), Merry guys (1934), Golden rama (1934), Tokotoru hoa (1935), Te ara o te kaipuke (1935), Tamahine o te Motu (1936), Teina (1936), Circus (1936), A Girl in a Hurry on a Date (1936), Tamariki a Captain Grant (1936), Seekers of Happiness (1936), Fair Wind (me BM Bogdanov-Berezovsky, 1936), Beethoven Concerto (1937), Rich Bride (1937), Volga-Volga (1938), Bright way (1940), My love (1940), New house (1946), Spring (1947), Kuban Cossacks (1949), Stadium (1949) , Konohete a Mashenka (1949), Ko matou mo te ao (1951), Winged Defense (1953), Substitute (1954), Jolly Stars (1954), Test of Loyalty (1954); waiata, incl. Far Path (he waiata na EA Dolmatovsky, 1938), Heroes of Khasan (he waiata na VI Lebedev-Kumach, 1939), Mo te hoariri, mo te Whenua, whakamua (he waiata na Lebedev-Kumach, 1941), My Moscow (he waiata me Lisyansky. me S. Agranyan, 1942), Maehe Hoia o nga Kaimahi Rerewei (he waiata na SA Vasiliev, 1944), I haere ahau i Berlin (he waiata na LI Oshanin, 1945), Waiata mo Moscow (he waiata na B. Vinnikov, 1946) , Ways -roads (nga waiata na S. Ya. Alymov, 1947), He whaea tawhito ahau no Rouen (nga waiata na G. Rublev, 1949), Waiata o te rangatahi (na ML Matusovsky, 1951), School waltz (waiata. Matusovsky , 1952), Waltz Evening (nga waiata na Matusovsky, 1953), Moscow Lights (nga waiata na Matusovsky, 1954) me etahi atu; waiata mo nga mahi whakaari, whakaaturanga reo irirangi; pūoro pop, incl. arotake jazz tapere Waiata Toa (1932), etc.