Munich Philharmonic Orchestra (Münchner Philharmoniker) |

Munich Philharmonic

I whakaturia te Munich Philharmonic Orchestra i te tau 1893 i runga i te kaupapa a Franz Keim, te tama a te rangatira o te wheketere piana, a ko te ingoa tuatahi ko te Keim Orchestra. Mai i nga tau tuatahi o tona oranga, i aratakina te kaiwaiata e nga kaikawe rongonui penei i a Hans Winderstein, Hermann Zumpe me te tauira a Bruckner a Ferdinand Löwe. Ko te mihi ki tenei, i whakaatu te orchestra i te taumata tiketike o te mahi, a, he tino whanui tona repertoire me te maha o nga mahi a nga kaitito waiata o naianei.

I tua atu, mai i te timatanga, ko te mea tino nui o te kaupapa toi o te kaiwaiata ko te hiahia kia uru atu ana konohete ki nga wahanga katoa o te taupori, na nga kaupapa whakaari me nga kaupapa here utu manapori.

I te tau 1901 me te 1910 ka whakatangihia e te kaiwaiata te waiata waiata tuawha me te tuawaru a Gustav Mahler mo te wa tuatahi. I whakahaerehia nga whakaaturanga tuatahi i raro i te mana o te kaitito waiata. I te marama o Noema 1911, e ono marama i muri i te matenga o Mahler, ko te kaiwaiata i whakahaeretia e Bruno Walter te waiata tuatahi a Mahler's Song of the Earth. I mua tata i tenei, ka whakaingoatia te roopu ko te Orchestra of the Concert Society.

Mai i te tau 1908 ki te 1914 ka riro i a Ferdinand Löwe te mana o te kaiwaiata. I te 1 o Maehe, 1898, ka tu tetahi whakaaturanga toa o Bruckner's Fifth Symphony ki Vienna i raro i tana whakahaere. I nga wa e heke mai nei, ka whakahaerehia e Ferdinand Loewe nga mahi a Bruckner me te hanga i te tikanga o te mahi i nga waiata o tenei kaitito waiata e mau nei ki tenei ra.

I te wa e noho ana a Sigmund von Hausegger (1920–1938) hei kaiwhakahaere waiata mo te orchestra, i whakaingoatia te orchestra ko Munich Philharmonic Orchestra. Mai i te tau 1938 ki te 1944, ko Oswald Kabasta te kaiarataki o Austrian te kaihautu, nana nei i tino whakawhanake te tikanga o te whakatangi waiata a Bruckner.

Ko te konohete tuatahi i muri i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao i whakatuwherahia e Eugen Jochum me te tuku ki a Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream na Felix Mendelssohn, i aukatihia ana waiata i raro i te National Socialism. I nga tau i muri mai i te pakanga, ko nga tohunga rongonui pera i a Fritz Rieger (1949–1966) me Rudolf Kempe (1967–1976) i whakahaere te puoro.

I te Hui-tanguru 1979, i whakahaere a Sergiu Celibidache i tana raupapa tuatahi o nga konohete me te Munich Philharmonic Orchestra. I te marama o Hune o taua tau ano, ka noho ia hei kaiwhakahaere waiata mo te roopu. I te taha o Sergiu Celibidache, kua haere a Munich Orchestra ki nga taone maha o Uropi, me Amerika ki te Tonga me Ahia. Ko nga mahi o nga mahi a Bruckner, i mahia i raro i tana whakahaere, i mohiotia hei karaehe me te tino whakanui i te mana o te ao o te orchestra.

Mai i Hepetema 1999 ki Hurae 2004 ko James Levine te Kaiwhakahaere Matua o te Munich Philharmonic. I a ia, ko nga kaiwaiata o te orchestra he haerenga roa ki Uropi me Amerika. I te Hanuere 2004, ko Maestro Zubin Mehta te kaiarahi manuhiri tuatahi i roto i te hitori o te orchestra.

Mai i te marama o Mei 2003 ko Christian Thielemann te kaiwhakahaere waiata o te roopu. I te Oketopa 20, 2003, i whai honore te Munich Philharmonic Orchestra ki te whakaari i te aroaro o Pope Benedict XVI i Vatican. I whakarongohia te konohete e te 7000 nga manuhiri powhiri, a ko te maestro Tieleman i te tuunga o te kaiarahi.

Kaiwhakahaere waiata:

1893-1895 – Hans Winderstein 1895—1897 — German Zumpe 1897-1898 – Ferdinand Loewe 1898-1905 – Felix Weingartner 1905—1908 — Georg Schneefoigt 1908-1914 – Ferdinand Loewe 1919-1920 – Felix Weingartner 1920—1938 — Georg Schneefoigt 1938-1944 – Ferdinand Loewe 1945 – Ferdinand Loewe 1948 von 1949 Ferdinand Loewe -1966 — Osvald Cabasta 1967-1976 – Hans Rosbaud 1979—1996 — Fritz Rieger 1999-2004 – Rudolf Kempe 2004—2012 — to Sergiu Celibidake 2012-2014 – 2015-XNUMX – XNUMX-XNUMX – XNUMX-XNUMX – XNUMX-XNUMX – XNUMX-XNUMX – XNUMX-XNUMX – XNUMX-XNUMX – XNUMX-XNUMX – XNUMX-XNUMX – XNUMX-XNUMX – XNUMX-XNUMX – James-XNUMX Christian Levine Valery Abisalovich Gergiev

Puna: mariinsky.ru