Alberto Ginastera |
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Alberto Ginastera
He kaitito waiata a Alberto Ginastera, he kaiwaiata rongonui i Amerika Latina. Ko ana mahi e tika ana te whakaaro i roto i nga tauira pai o te waiata o te rau tau XNUMX.
I whanau a Alberto Ginastera i Buenos Aires i te Paenga-whāwhā 11, 1916, i roto i te whanau o nga manene Italian-Catalan. I timata ia ki te ako waiata i te whitu o ona tau, ka uru ki te whare tiaki i te tekau ma rua ona tau. I nga tau o ana akonga, ko te waiata a Debussy raua ko Stravinsky i tino kaha te whakaaro ki a ia. Ka kitea te awe o enei kaitito i roto i ana mahi takitahi. Karekau te kaitito waiata i whakaora i ana titonga tuatahi i tuhia i mua i te tau 1936. E whakaponohia ana he pera ano te mate o etahi atu, na te nui haere o nga tono a Ginastera me te whakahee-aunoa o ana mahi. I te tau 1939, i puta angitu a Ginastera mai i te whare atawhai. I mua tata mai i tera, i oti i a ia tetahi o ana titonga nui tuatahi - te poi "Panambi", i whakaaria ki runga i te atamira o te Teatro Colon i te tau 1940.
I te tau 1942, ka whiwhi a Ginastera i te Guggenheim Fellowship, ka haere ki te United States, ka ako raua ko Aaron Copland. Mai i tera wa, ka timata ia ki te whakamahi i nga tikanga titonga uaua ake, a ko tana ahua hou e kiia ana ko te kaupapa mo te motu, kei te whakamahi tonu te kaitito waiata i nga mea tuku iho me te rongonui o nga waiata a Argentina. Ko nga titonga tino ahuatanga o tenei waa ko “Pampeana no. 3” (Symphonic pastoral in three movements) and Piano Sonata No.
I tana hokinga mai i te USA ki Argentina, i whakaturia e ia te whare tiaki i La Plata, i ako ai ia mai i te 1948 ki te 1958. I roto i ana akonga ko nga kaitito waiata a muri ake nei ko Astor Piazzolla me Gerardo Gandini. I te tau 1962, i hangaia e Ginastera, me etahi atu kaitito waiata, te Whare Rangahau Waiata o Amerika Latina i te Instituto Torcuato di Tella. I te mutunga o nga tau 60, ka neke ia ki Geneva, kei reira ia e noho tahi ana me tana wahine tuarua, te kaiwaiata puoro a Aurora Natola.
I mate a Alberto Ginastera i te Hune 25, 1983. I tanumia ia ki te urupa o Plainpalais i Geneva.
Ko Alberto Ginastera te kaituhi o nga opera me nga poi. I roto i etahi atu mahi a te kaitito he konohete mo te piana, cello, violin, harp. He maha nga mahi kua tuhia e ia mo te waiata puoro, piana, waiata mo te whare tapere me te kiriata, nga mahi aroha me nga mahi ruma.
Ko te tohunga puoro a Sergio Pujol i tuhi mo te kaitito waiata i roto i tana pukapuka One Hundred Years of Musical Argentina i te tau 2013: "Ko Ginastera he tino nui o nga puoro matauranga, he momo whare puoro i roto ano, he tangata tino nui i roto i te oranga ahurea o te whenua mo nga tau e wha tekau."
Na koinei te ahua o Alberto Ginastera i mohio ai ki te tuhi waiata: "Ko te tito waiata, ki taku whakaaro, he rite ki te hanga hoahoanga. I roto i te puoro, ka puta tenei hoahoanga i roto i te waa. Mena, i muri i te roanga o te wa, ka mau tonu te ahua o te tino pai o roto, e whakaatuhia ana i roto i te wairua, ka taea e tatou te kii i kaha te kaitito ki te hanga i taua hoahoanga.
Nadia Koval
Ngā tito:
opera – Taurangi rererangi (Aeroporto, opera buffa, 1961, Bergamo), Don Rodrigo (1964, Buenos Aires), Bomarso (i muri i te M. Lines, 1967, Washington), Beatrice Cenci (1971, ibid); paoro – choreographic legend Panambi (1937, staged in 1940, Buenos Aires), Estancia (1941, staged in 1952, ibid; new edition 1961), Tender night (Tender night; based on concert variations for chamber orchestra, 1960, New York); cantatas – Magical America (America magica, 1960), Milena (ki nga tuhinga na F. Kafka, 1970); mo te orchestra – 2 symphonies (Portegna – Porteсa, 1942; elegiac – Sinfonia elegiaca, 1944), Creole Faust Overture (Fausto criollo, 1943), Toccata, Villancico me Fugue (1947), Pampean No. 3 (symphonic pastoral, 1953), Concert Variations (Variaciones concertantes, mo te kaikopere ruma, 1953); concerto mo nga aho (1965); konohete me te orchestra – 2 mo te piana (Argentinian, 1941; 1961), mo te violin (1963), mo te cello (1966), mo te harp (1959); ensembles taputapu ruma — Pampean Nama 1 mo te violin me te piana (1947), Pampean Nama 2 mo te cello me te piana (1950), 2 aho whawhati (1948, 1958), quintet piana (1963); mo te piana – Nga kanikani o Argentine (Danzas argentinas, 1937), 12 American preludes (12 american preludes, 1944), suite Creole dances (Danzas criollas, 1946), sonata (1952); mo te reo me te roopu whakatangitangi – Melodies of Tucuman (Cantos del Tucumán, with putorino, violin, harp and 2 drums, to lyrics by RX Sanchez, 1938) and others; ngā aroha; tukatuka – E rima nga waiata a te iwi o Argentina mo te reo me te piana (Cinco canciones populares argentinas, 1943); waiata mo te whakaari "Olyantai" (1947), etc.
